林中斌 部落格 / Blog Chong-Pin Lin

黃山市,安徽省：宏村、西遞、呈坎、唐模、徽州古城。

Huangshan City, Anhui Province: Villages, Counties, Citadel

September 8. 12-14, 2019

accessed Sep 20, 2019

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morocco 1/4 20161023

Accessed June 3, 2019

Chefchauen viewed from distance.遠眺藍色山城。Built originally as a mountain stronghold, later it became a spiritual sanctuary distinguished by several Islam saints. Today, it is a fashionable site for film-making and artists gathering.

morocco 4/4 20161023

Accessed June 3, 2019

Morroco 摩洛哥 4/4: Ouarzazate/ Marakech/ Atlas Tichla 2016.10.21-23

morocco 2/4 20161023

Accessed June 3, 2019

Morroco 摩洛哥 2/4: Fes / Volubilis/ Imouzzer 2016.10 16-17

morocco 3/4 20161023

Accessed June 3, 2019

Morroco 摩洛哥 3/4: Sahara Desert 2016.10.18-20

Dades Valley

2019.2.9 Kumbhalgarth Fortress, Rajasthan, India

accessed April 22, 2019

這個險峻的城堡為拉賈斯坦本地國王於15世紀所建。當時印度為外來的回教的蒙古王朝所統治。但此城堡並未被蒙古王朝攻陷。

This fort was built between 1443 -1458 by a king of Rajasthan and was not conquered by the Mughal Empire.

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Folded metamorphic rocks (gneiss, pronounced as "nice") bespeaks the mountain-building geological history.
褶皺的變質岩--片麻岩--訴說遠古地質歷史裏劇烈的造山運動。

This fortress contains multiple layers of citadels and gates. 這城堡有數重城牆和厚門，都裝了大鐵釘以防大象撞門。Each gate is armed with spikes as such to guard against the charging elephants trained for gate-breaking. In addition, the mountain road leading to the gate is deliberately designed to curve around to prevent the charging elephants from gaining speed.

Ranakpur Jain Temple and our hotel

accessed April 8, 2019

The most famous Temple of Jainism, which lies in the Aravalli hills. Dating between 14-15th century, the ornate temple is supported by 1,444 carved marble pillars none of which is similar to another.

倫敦初春

February 28, 2019

 accessed March 11, 2019

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Lincoln's Fields Park

Manvar Camp & Jodhpur, Rajasthan,

India February 6 & 7, 2019

accessed March 11, 2019

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Lake by the tomb of a Sufi saint

Mehrangarh castle/palace

Lake by the tomb of a Sufi saint

Panaramic view from above the Mehrangarh castle/palace

Jaisalmer Fort, Rajasthan, India February 5, 2019

accessed Feb 18, 2019

西安，古中國14朝代首都

Accessed Jan 21 , 2019

光彩金山  

Golden City Shine

accessed Sep 10, 2018

http://chongpinlin.pixnet.net/album/set/7956925

阿拉斯加郵輪/Alaska Cruise/

June 25 - July 5, 2018

accessed Aug 27, 2018

http://chongpinlin.pixnet.net/album/set/7957007

Plitvicka Jezera, Croatia 16湖國家公園,克羅埃西亞

June 16, 2017

● 克羅埃西亞的16湖國家公園。像台階般的湖泊，節節下降。從下望上，瀑布水有如來自16層天上。湖水清澈見底。石灰岩硬度3(玻璃硬度7，銅板硬度5)，易溶於水，為大自然雕工提供絕佳石材。景色寧靜，很難想像科沃內戰時，公園裡還埋下地雷。和平轉變了一切。德國的遊客說，如今他的鄰居、朋友都來克羅埃西亞遊玩、就業。近5、6年，全世界的遊客都蜂擁而來。韓國人、印度人、澳洲人、美國人、中國人、台灣人.....。

林中斌 2017.6.17

http://chongpinlin.pixnet.net/album/set/5645394

Trogir and Zadar, Croatia

June 18, 2017

● Ancient cities established by the Greek colonists in the 4th and 3rd century B.C. respectively.

Chong-Pin Lin

http://chongpinlin.pixnet.net/album/set/5645367

Trogir, Croatia

June 19/20, 2017

● The charming little island of a fortress city was colonized and ruled consecutively by the Greeks, the Romans, the Dukedom of Venice, Austro-Hungarian Empire, and Yugoslavia Kingdom as well as The Socialist Republic of Yugoslavia. The current city population is slightly more than 10,000. People are nice, cars always stop for the pedestrians, and owner of our apartment would bring cake to us upon arrival, crepes next morning, and a bottle a wine the day of departure.

Chong-Pin Lin

http://chongpinlin.pixnet.net/album/set/5645340

Mostar and Modugorje, Bosnia Herzegovina

June 21, 2017

● Mostar which means "the old bridge" is a historical city identified by UNICEF today. It is currently the most popular tourist attraction of the country, yet was the city of the most intense fighting during the civil war of 1992 - 1996. Bullet holes left on building walls testify that horrible episode.

Not too far from Mostar is the sacred hill where the apparition of Our Lady was witnessed by a few children in 1981, as promised by Our Lady in Fatima in 1914 that She would return.

● In Mostar today, Catholics (2/3)and Muslims (1/3) live peacefullly,

Chong-Pin Lin June 22, 2017

http://chongpinlin.pixnet.net/album/set/5645304

Perast & Kotor, Montenegro

June 22&23, 2017

● “人間天堂”！英國文豪蕭伯納造訪今日黑山共合國的Perast後，不禁如此感歎。藏在安德列海灣中的海灣裡，Perast 像是童話故事裡的仙境。有城堡、清澈見底的湖水、挺拔的山壁。非常值得身歷其境一遊。

林中斌 2017.6.25

● "Pearl of the Adriatic", Perast is how Lord Byron referred to it. He also described to be the most beautiful enconter between the mountains and the sea. "Paradise on earth" is George Bernard Shaw's term for Perast. In fact, such stunning scenery can hardly be reduced to mere words. Hidden inside complicated bay within a bay, Perast just like taken from a fairy tale, is easily forgotten by the outside world. Kotor, nearby, used to be a palace constructed in the 10th century by the Venetians with a church perched high up on the mountainn within the fortress wall.

Two small islands off Perast are situated in the center of the waters, one being a monastery and the other a castle. The water is so clean that one can see fish swimming busily as one enjoys breakfast outdoors by the water as the refreshing breeze caressed our face from the lake-like sea. Behind Perast and Kotor is a steep limestone cliff that takes 25 switchbacks to drive up to the top of the mountians at Lovcen where an Alpine landform opens up.

Chong-Pin Lin

http://chongpinlin.pixnet.net/album/set/5645235

Dubrovnik, Croatia

June 24/25, 2017

● 杜伯尼克2010年後竄起成為世界旅遊的新熱點。曾於1990至1991遭到7個月內戰中圍城敵軍砲火的每日轟擊。之後重建，醜陋的灰色屋瓦換新成亮麗的橘紅。如今笙歌歡樂熱鬧繁榮，不可同日而語。

● Dubrovnik has been a hot touristic attraction since about 2010 after surviving a nasty civil war. It rose from the destruction under constant bombardments by the Serbian and Montenegro forces during a seven months siege between the end of 1990 to mid-1991.

● 杜伯尼克是古時航海貿易發達的拉古薩共和國(1358-1808)的首都。拉古薩無強大軍力，卻以高超的外交在周圍強權威脅之下，生存繁榮，保有自由和尊嚴，直至今日仍為歷史學者好奇研究的對象。它當時奉為信念的名言是："自由無價，無論對方出多少金子，我們都不賣。" (英文Liberty is not sold for all the gold. 拉丁文 Non bene pro toto libertas venditur auro.)
拉古薩的歷史實例有台灣可借鏡之處嗎？

● The city was constructed around the 12th century. From 1358 to 1808, it was the capital of the maritime Republic of Ragusa, which achieved a high level of development, particularly during the 15th and 16th centuries, as it became notable for its wealth and skilled diplomacy.

It has impressed and even puzzled historians to this day how a state without military might retained freedom for centuries among the great powers. The Republic of Ragusa was the vassal state of the following different giants in different times:
- Kingdom of Hungary (1358-1458)
-Ottoman Empire (1458-1806)
-Hapsburg Austria (1684-1806)
-French Empire and Kingdom of Italy (1806-1808)

At one time, the Republic of Ragusa was simultaneously submissive to both Ottoman Empire to the east and Hapsburg Austria to the north, serving as a bridge between the muslim Ottoman Empire and the Christian European markets.

Something to learn for the survival and freedom of Taiwan?

● 拉古薩共和國生存之道或許在於：
1. 避免與強權對抗。願意做為強權的屬國，而保留自己的制度。
2. 甚至願意同時作為兩個對抗強權的屬國。遊走敵對兩方，成為雙方的橋梁，和經貿的通道。如鄂圖曼帝國 和 奧地利大公國。

拉古薩共和國在不同時期座椅向強權地屬國：
- 匈牙利王國 (1358-1458)
- 鄂圖曼帝國 (1458-1806)
- 奧地利大公國 (1684-1806)
- 法蘭西帝國(拿破崙)和其下的義大利王國 (1806-1808)

杜伯尼克早在1272年已擁有自己的法典，而與當時其他的法典相近，包括了羅馬的慣律及當地的傳統。那法典也包括了城市規劃及傳染病隔離的準則。與其他鄰近地區比較，杜伯尼克的法制及規劃是相對地先進的，其中以下的例子最為突出：
• - 在1301年引入醫療服務
• - 在1317年已有第一所的藥房，至今仍如常運作
• - 在1347年開設老人收容所
• - 在1377年開設傳染病隔離醫院（拉丁語為Lazarete）
• - 在1418年廢除奴隸貿易
• - 在1432年開設孤兒院
• - 在1436年建設20公里長的供水系統
杜伯尼克是由貴族統治，統治機構為兩市的議會（Vijeće）。

● In 1979, it joined the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites. We were impressed by the abundance of nice swimming sites characterized by clear bluish green water devoid of choppy waves. The civil war brought an opportunity to rebuild the citiy with bright orange roof tiles replacing the ugly and dirty greyish brown one. People are now merrily enjoying their lives with the booming tourism.

Chong-Pin Lin June 29, 2017

林中斌 2017.6.30

http://chongpinlin.pixnet.net/album/set/5645130

九寨溝 Jiuzhaigou, China

2017/04/10

http://chongpinlin.pixnet.net/album/set/4197108

● 兩千多年的古城和水利工程：成都-都江堰以及高原仙境九寨溝 

Two-thousand year-old city and hydraulic construction plus a Shangrila in Sichuan Province, central China.

林中斌 2017.4.10